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Oncology encompasses a wide range of treatment modalities, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and supportive care. Advances in oncology have led to improved cancer outcomes, with many patients achieving remission or better quality of life during treatment.
Regular screenings, early detection, and access to specialized oncology care are essential components in the fight against cancer. The field of oncology is dynamic and continually evolving as new research and treatment options emerge.
Surgical oncology is a branch of surgery that focuses on treating tumors, especially cancerous tumors. Surgical oncologists use surgery to treat cancer. They can:
Diagnose cancer
Remove a tumor or a portion of the cancer
Determine where the cancer is located, whether it has spread, and whether it is affecting the functions of other organs
Surgical oncologists can also perform certain types of biopsies to help diagnose cancer.
Surgical oncology can be used for:
Diagnostic surgery
Curative or debulking surgery
Staging surgery
Surgical oncologists are trained to perform surgical procedures and techniques to treat cancer. They are different from general surgeons, who cannot handle the complicated and specialized cases of cancer.Medical oncology is a type of cancer care that uses medication to treat cancer. Medical oncologists use chemotherapy, immunotherapy, hormone therapy, and targeted therapy to treat cancer.
Medical oncology is effective when combined with other cancer care treatments, such as: Radiation oncology, Surgical oncology.
Medical oncology also covers:
Clinical and experimental research in oncology and hematology
Experimental therapeutics in the field of immunotherapy and chemotherapy
Immunobiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of malignant tumors
Oncology is a branch of medicine that deals with cancers and tumors. Oncologists are physicians who specialize in helping people with cancer. They have done extra training or study to deal primarily with cancer patients.
In India, the average annual salary for a medical oncology consultant is ₹ 43.0 Lakhs. The salary range is between ₹ 16.1 Lakhs to ₹ 94.0 LakhsThe field of oncology is divided into several sub-specialties, including:
- Medical Oncology: Medical oncologists focus on the use of chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and other systemic treatments to manage cancer. They work closely with patients to develop personalized treatment plans.
- Surgical Oncology: Surgical oncologists are specialized surgeons who perform procedures to remove cancerous tumors and surrounding tissues. They also play a crucial role in staging and diagnosing cancer.
- Radiation Oncology: Radiation oncologists use radiation therapy to treat cancer. They plan and administer radiation treatments to target and destroy cancer cells while minimizing damage to healthy tissues.
- Pediatric Oncology: Pediatric oncologists specialize in the treatment of childhood cancers. They work with young patients and their families to provide age-appropriate care.
- Gynecologic Oncology: Gynecologic oncologists treat cancers of the female reproductive system, such as ovarian, cervical, and uterine cancer.
- Hematologic Oncology: Hematologic oncologists focus on cancers of the blood and blood-forming tissues, including leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma.
Other risk factors include:
Dyslipidemia, Hyperglycemia, Kidney dysfunction, Genetics/familial hypercholesterolemia, Age, Gender, Family history, Race.
Smoking is the most preventable risk factor. Other risk factors that can be changed include:
Tobacco smoke and vaping
High blood cholesterolThe leading risk factors for heart disease include:
High blood pressure
High low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol
Diabetes
Smoking and secondhand smoke exposure
Obesity
Unhealthy diet
Physical inactivityA doctor or other medical professional is best able to help you find the information and care you need. This information does not constitute medical advice or diagnosis.
